Toolholder



C. SEVERSON TOOLHOLDER Feb. 5, 1952' Filed Oct. 22, 1948 Patented Feb.5, 1952 UNI-TED STATES ATENT 2,584,505-

TOOLHOLDERQ. a.

Ole. G. S.everso11,',DerLby, Comm, assigns;- .to TheVikixigLToollCbmpany, sheltomilonn atcorporation ofConneoticutApp'lioation QctobemZZ, 1948;;Serial Nob-5.5.8471;

9.01miirsf.v (Cl. 29-1-96)? Thisjinvention relatesntotoolxholdemiandhas, ion-an object.--..to provide an improyed; holdeniorseparate cutters or.- bits, .lgraaztilculamly.a llolcleri011v tungstencarbide and;simi1ar cast alloxblts whichj,

holder} anctmethodeoiholdin S thataup qrt nnoyidediontne bitqinvenyo-clozsedpr ximitx oothe actualhointoi contact at. the-1.12001 shitandflhea won-k1: 11.

Another; lobjectvis o p Qy'id ;aho1der,which; wilh-shavsoa; mechanical.-;1ock:.fo.r 'a-carkbiode -.c:utter.s. and: other -cuttin:.materia1-s.i hiQhWill' eliminate theastrainswflue; brazin anglstraingxset .up by difiemntxooeflioientsl of; expansionvof, mon mer,boom ancwheycutting; material nndmheatgenfl: atedaby themodernhighopeeouma hines,1311115 reaka e is; materially Qd-HCQ- i'; pexmitt gzmore economical useof expensivehcuttmgimaterials;.;

Stillizanuthsr.object isto providejamonstmction, of;-zmeohanieaklockingzmeansfionthe. tool which; facilitateszand zaoco1erates.tool-uchangin as; the -J toot becomeshdulhoabecause@thescutting-tlsocan be easflst' removedrfromv. thezholderranduit: is. notneoessanyato remove;the,-,toolholden from-its, sun-u.-p0lbr;diStJlbJjhe:tOO1fltu .-.:;I-

It. another objectto providerewz ons ruction whichproyidesionmvemeoonomioal nsumptio oiotheom hipricad euttingi'mat niaz-nasonly aam hi-t mum-amount, f, thiskcutting; material; is;. .q -.i ld:forr' lookin it;- in. the! :tool hold r h P130Vi' in t e max ofoductive-use of thepoutting mgt eni glg Anothenobj ectgisvto provideamholden and rbit in; which. the-amt is; of V suchashape that. qu ck. Tw; acoura twjshanpening; 1105ib1e-.by means at a,s-lhlplegrihdins;fixture iandrthusotheohanpenina opemtionslcan ,heperiormedo-o-hy ordinary-um; skilled 1abor;--

Stilbanother 0bjCriS tQ proyidemn imoroyeck n itivel lockingsand;unlockingmoanswhioh. pro videswn; efficient, rig idfi easily;operable means of;

ture is: especial y i po tant for. effeotiyely usin carbide .-andothen'except onally -:hahdwbufi easily broken mo demcutting materialw;

StiHranothfinobjoot is toyproyidexai holoileln,and-

locking dgvieetwhiom allows u-11 heptkoi outstabe; taken;- M n? afitenrepea ed rershanpening opamountof cutting material confronts thework,

the uttin arembeinsthetsame as itwasnb forek grinding- I is; anothehobject to provide us. tool !hold r i whichrthevtooh bit may the 0L sucha des gn. and adap o litx that s andard.- shapestoi cuttin -ma:tonal-swam he, utilized. .-.11hoso,shapesarm vaih-v able;(foltt-hrazinghfor example}. and by a.,;s1ig 1 1t amount o additonaltworkncan be made :rea y-fqr usevin, thisiholder. .jlho toolwand,holder/are. of

suchh de ign-that thew-maybe:manufa tured at lowoostu-fio v(YA stillfurther object isto pzroyidoia constru tionin which accu atesadj uatmento etoolh t f inrelati nrtolanothontoolvbit can be ao mp mh dh more.easily than by romoving. (the (tool holder, as. when. more t an; onetoolisrset or anartic w larowork piece,

With the foregoing.-randooizher objeots uin view. o I. have devised. theconstructionoillustrated'in thei accompanyingtdra wing,imm n t t pa t ofthis specification, .-I,t. howeyento, he understood. he. invention ,isnotAim ted-V to theisp cific de- 1 ails .oihonstructiohvandan5mgemehtshown.ibuti. may .embody: various, changoso andmodifications.

within the scopeoithe inslentiq'oov In thisnrawing;

Fi is attopl plan-view; of the.-too1 holder and bit with.v portionsbrokBILaway to. mom. clearly shqwtheoconstnuction';

Fig.v .2 is al. thansversa section. substantially. on.

Fi 3, aimnt ..view loo n towzmi the bottomoiEig. 1;,

Fig. "4,15 an End. view, looking fgom the. left 0.1 Fi ;3.;:

Fig.5; i soalv perspective iview of theibit' n of. the,holidetshowingitheybit in plage, and also showing a slight modification;

Figsgfi, and II. ;are. an. end" and idonview; respectively ofthawedgemembezi or blockfor locking;

the bit, and, .o

4 Figs-{Band 9 jarean end and. sidejv ow p tively of theobith tool postof a lathe, planer, shaper, or automatic machine. tool! andthe, ike, andrat he. other .or

heaidmend ha means ioxomonnting' th er v toolobit $12 at any.,,suitablejmatepial, such, -forex-: ampleh anf stonl carbidbsoorotheriihard ast 'as'indicated at B, Fig. 1. of this passage is enlargeddownwardly, as shown at 23, and the lower wall or surface of this en- 3alloys, cutting steels and the like. This tool bit is rectangular inshape with fiat parallel opposite sides l3 and I4, and parallel flatedges I5 and it.

It can, therefore, be easily ground to proper size for the holder, andcan be readily adjusted in the holder. Means for mounting the bitcomprises a wedge member or block I1 and adjusting screw l8 for thisblock, and another adjusting screw l9 for shifting the cutter or toolbit iii. The

body member is provided with a transverse passage inclined rearwardlyand downwardly adjacent the top edge of the front face 2|, as shown inFigs. 2 and 4, and although the angle of this inclination may varysomewhat it is preferably about 8 to the horizontal top wall, asindicated at A, Fig. 3. It is also biased or set at an angle less than aright angle to the plane of the face 2 I, as shown in Fig. 1, so that itis inclined rearwardly from the front end 22 of the body. This angle mayalso vary, but is preferably about larged portion is transverselycurved, as shown in Fig. 3, the curved surface being a portion ofacylindrical surface and preferably substantially a half round orsemi-cylindrical. The remaining The forward portion portion of thepassage 20, as shown at 24, is rec-,

tangularand of the same size and shape as the tool bit or cutter l2.mounted in the forward portion 23 of the passage and has a curved lowersurface-25 corre- The wedge block I1 is sponding to the curved surface23 of the passage,

that is, a portion of a cylindricalsurface, and is preferablyapproximately a half round or semicylindrical. This will permit alimited rocking or turning movement of the wedge member. The top surface26 of this member is fiat and inclined rearwardly and downwardly fromthe forward end 27 of the member, as shown in Fig.7, and

this inclined or camming surface 26 is accurately ground flat and to theproper angle. The anglemay vary somewhat, but is preferably about 6 tothe longitudinal axis of the block or member. The block is also providedwith a threaded longitudinal opening 28 therethrough for threaded en--gagement with the adjusting screw [8. This adjusting screw comprises twoportions, the forward portion 29 having a left hand thread while therear portion 30 has a right hand thread, the left hand thread beingthreaded into the wedge block or member ll, while the right handthreaded" portion 30 is threaded into threaded opening 3i of the bodyill to the rear of the enlarged portion 23 of the passage 26. Means isprovided whereby this screw may be operated, such, for example, as a hexor other sided socket 332 for a wrench.

The adjusting screw I9 is threaded into a threaded passage 33 at oneside.of passage 2K1,v

and leads from the'rear face 34 of the body forwardly toward and to apoint adjacent the front surface 2|. It may terminate anysuitable-distance, such as 35, from the forward surface. This threadedpassage is at an upper corner of the passage 20 and is so located that aportion of screw I9 projects into the passage 20 so as to abut at itsinner end 36 with the inner end 31' of the cutter or tool bitl2. This isalso a socket screw;

having a hex or other noncircular socket 38 in its outer end for the useof'a suitablyshaped wrench.

In use, the wedging or clamping block or mem-. ber I1 is adjustedlongitudinally in the passage,

20 by means of the screw [8 and the toolbit or cutter IZmay be adjustedlongitudinally of this proper distance from the end and front surface ofthe body It] by means of the screw l9. Then the screw I8 is operated toshift the wedge block l! rearwardly and by action of the inclined ortapered top wall26 to effectively clamp the cutter 'or bit l2 againstthe top wall 40 of the passage 20.

It will be seen from the above that in this position the tool bit ispositively and tightly clamped in position and is solidly and firmlysupported by the wedge block I1, which in turn is solidly and rigidlysupported by the body member 18. Because of the rounded surfaces 23 and25 of the passage and block the block may rock or turn slightly so as toinsure its top flat in-' clined surface squarely engages and fits thelower surface of the tool bit, producing a uniform support and clampingaction and uniform stresses which will not crack the tool bit. It willalso be seen from Figs. 3 and 4 that the tool bit [2 is supported bythis block up to a point closely adjacent the free projecting end of thebit, so that there is a solid firm support for practically the entirelength of the bit, and the force or thrust of the cutting operation istaken directly by the block and practically in line with the pointof thecutting force, so that this supporting structure for the tool bit isvery effective for mounting bits of such materials as tungsten car-'bides and the like, which are extremely hard butvery brittle. -It willalso be seen that for this same reason, practically the entire length ofthe bit l2 may be used because only a small portion is required to beclamped by the block IT to effectivelyhold it in position. This effectsa very material saving in the use of these high cost materials, as onlya small portion need be thrown away. The screw 19 is a duel purposescrew. Itcontacts the bit or cutting material-and assists the wedgeblock I! in absorbing-the thrust de-:

veloped by the cutting action of the. cool hit. Italso provides a meansof adjusting the relation of the tool bit to the holder, or that is,its-posi-.

tion in the holder, to assist in the set-up'of multi-tools. Thisaccurate adjustment of the tool bit in relation to another tool bit canbeaccomplished more easily than by moving the tool holder, when morethan one tool is set upfor a particular work piece.

Due to the simple shape of the bit or cutter 12 it may be very easilyand quickly ground as the cutting edge becomes dull, as the bit is ofrectangular shape with fiat parallel sidesandtherefore the same simplegrinding can-be used for the whole useful length of the bit, and it'canbe ground in a simple fixture by unskilled labor.

' Also from the novel arrangement of the adjusting screw 19 and theclamping screw 18 in block l1, it is not necessary to remove the toolfrom its support in orderto adjust the cutter or bit,- as all that isnecessary is to loosen the'block l1,

adjust the bit by the screw [9 and then re--- clamp it by setting up thescrew l8. The right and left hand threads 29 and 30 provide a rapidadjustment for the block so that only small turning movements of thescrew [8 are required.

" The angle 3 at which the tool-bit l2 isle-' assssoa catedmin :holde'rprovides. economical -u'sea of tool bit I2 in that it providesadvancement. of: the bit in two ..=planes .of wearas indicated'bycutting edge '39 in Fig. 1, withmaximum advancementin the-direction ofmajor wear: or in the direction of the feed of the tool into. the work,which normally is the .direction indicated -:by arrow in Fig. 1.Thus-with-themaximum cutting material being advanced in the directionofltlie greatest wear a minimum amount .of cuttingmaterial needberemoved to resharpen the tool bit. This effects .a: great saving in useof high cost cutting materials. and reduces the time required for theresharpening.operations. .In fact-this novel construction andarrangement produces all the novel features and advantages set forthabove inthe statement of the objects of;,the;invention,-beginningpage1..

In the form of Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the body. I!) is machined-with anupwardly. extending step portion til at the head end and is connected bythe inclined portion 42 with-a lower topwallll' so that top ofthe-bitissubstantially on the levelwith top ll ofshank of holder Hi.This also-- provides more stockfor holding the bit. The'front wall lt-above thebit may be inclined substantially as shown to provide a chipbreaker, especially for machining steel. This eliminates thenecessitywhere chip breaking is a problem of grinding a transverse grooveor'recess immediately behind the cutting edge of the tool bit, which isa relatively costly operation and must be repeated every time the toolbit is reground. This also transfers the stress of curling and breakingthe chip from the tool bit to the holder, greatly reducing breaking ofthe bit. Where the holder is used in certain types of machines, such,for example, as of the planer or shaper type, the whole top of theholder It may be machined fiat, as shown at 43 in Fig. 5. Otherwise thedevice of Fig. 5 is the same and the means for mounting or clamping thecutter or tool bit is the same as described for the other figures.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, I claim:

1. A tool holder comprising a body member including a shank at one endportion for mounting in a support, means for mounting a tool bit at theother end comprising a transverse passage inclined backwardly anddownwardly from said end, the lower wall of the front portion of saidpassage comprising a portion of. a cylindrical surface, a wedge memberin said portion of the passage curved on its under side to fit saidcylindrical surface for free lateral rocking movement thereon and flaton its upper surface, said top surface being inclined rearwardly anddownwardly, a tool bit in the passage on said inclined surface of thewedge member and located between said inclined surface and the top wallof the passage, and an adjusting screw connecting the wedge member andthe body mem-' her to shift the wedge member rearwardly in the passageand clamp the tool bit between the wedge member and the top wall of thepassage.

2. A tool holder comprising a body member including a shank at one endportion for mounting in a support, said body being provided with atransverse passage-in the other end portion inclined backwardly anddownwardly from said end, the lower wall of the forward portion of saidpassage comprising a portion of a cylindrical surface, a wedge member insaid passage curved on its under side to fit said cylindrical surfacean'dz'having a fiat upper. surface inclined-2 rear,-wardlyand.downwardly, a'tool bit in the passage.

supported .1 by. said wedge,. an: adjusting. screw. in theirear portionof thepassagezengaging'the bit and operable to. shift thebitlongitudinally in the passage; and. a. second adjusting screwconnectingithewedgemember andthe' body. to shift the Wedge memberrearwardly in the. passage and clam'p.-.the bit between thewedge member.and.

the top of the-passage.

3; A tool holder including a body member:pro.- vided with a passagespaced below its top wall, a

portion of thelower surface of the passage-be-- ingiitransversely.curved and :comprising a. por tion of a cylindrical-surface,..a wedgeblock in said: passage. provided. with a similarly. curved surface .onits lower side seated' on said curved surface in the passagezand freefor lateral rock'- wall 'of thepassage, and an adjusting screw .toshiftthe block. longitudinally to clampthe tool bit imposition againstthe top wall of the'passage.

4. A tool holder comprising a body member provided. with an .inclinedpassage. opening through one side wall; xthe forward portion of the:passagebeing transversely curved on its lower surface? a wedge :blockin theupassage similarly curved on its lower surface and seated on saidcurved surface of the passage so that it is free to rock laterally, thetop surface of the block being flat and longitudinally inclineddownwardly from its forward end, a tool bit mounted between the topsurface of the block and the top surface of the passage, and means forlongitudinally shifting the block to clamp the tool bit in positionagainst the top surface of the passage.

5. A tool holder comprising a body member provided with an inclinedpassage opening through one side wall, the forward portion of thepassage being transversely curved on its lower surface, a wedge block inthe passage similarly curved on its lower surface and seated on saidcurved surface of the passage so that it may rock laterally, the topsurface of the block being flat and longitudinally inclined, arectangular tool bit mounted on said block between its top surface andthe top surface of the passage, an adjusting screw engaging theinner endof the tool bit to shift it in the passage, and a second screwconnecting the block and body to longitudinally shift the block to clampthe bit in adjusted positions.

6. A tool holder comprising a body provided with a downwardly andrearwardly inclined passage opening through one side wall, the forwardportion of the passage being enlarged downwardly and having asubstantially semicylindrical lower surface, a wedge block having asimilarly curved surface seating'on that of the passage and a flatlongitudinally inclined top surface, a rectangular tool bit mounted onthe block between its top wall and the top wall of the passage, anadjusting screw engaging the inner end of the bit to shift it in thepassage, and

a second screw including right and left hand threads at its opposite endportions with one portion threaded into the block and the other endportion into the body to longitudinally shift the block and clamp thebit in adjusted positions.

7. A tool holder comprising a shank at one end for mounting it in asupport and a passage at the other end spaced below the top wall of 7the shank so as to be provided with a top surface, a tool bit mounted inthe passage against said top surface projecting from the forwardendthereof and provided with a cutting edge on substantially the levelofthe top surface of the passage, the material of the holder over thepassage being extended above the level of the top surfaces of thepassage [and the bit, the front surface of said material of the holderover the bit being inclined upwardly and rearwardly from the level ofthe top surface of the bit and from a position spaced a short distanceback of said cutting edge to form a chip breaker, and means for clampingthe bit in position in the passage with its top surface against the topsurface of the passage.

8. A tool holder comprising a body provided with a passage extendinginwardly from a side surface and spaced below the top wall of the body,a tool bit mounted in the passage against the top surface of the passageand provided with a cutting edge projecting from the passage onsubstantially the level of said top surface, and the front edge of thematerial of the body between the top of the passage and the top surfaceof the body being inclined upwardly and backwardly from the top surfaceof the passage and the. top surface of the bit to provide asubstantially flat inclined chip breaking surface located a shortdistance to the rear of the cutting edge,

with its top surface against the top surface of;

the passage. 7 V

9. A tool holder comprising a body member provided witha passage openingthrough one end,

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,648,380 Dover Nov. 8, 19272,096,472 Schmidt Oct. 19, 1937 2,140,940 Reaney Dec. 20, 1938 2,347,136Speckert Apr. 18, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 3,668 GreatBritain Feb. 14. 1906

